Plam Oil Refining Machine
Oil refining is to remove impurities and reach the standard of finished edible oil. The main process of palm oil refining machine process is: crude oil - degumming - neutralization - decolorization - deodorization - fractionation. Palm crude oil is hydrated and degummed by adding water, neutralized by adding alkali or deacidified by steam distillation, decolorized by adding adsorbent activated clay or activated carbon, and deodorized by high temperature and negative pressure while removing low-boiling volatiles that produce oil fume.
Crude Oil Filtration Section of Palm Oil Refining Machine
     The purchased crude oil needs to be filtered to remove suspended particles and other impurities before the following production can be carried out.
Degumming section of palm oil refining machine
Main process flow: crude oil → heat exchanger → (acid addition) mixer → intermediate tank → (alkali addition) mixer → centrifuge → (water addition) mixer → intermediate → centrifuge → refined oil This method is heated to 90 Add phosphoric acid to the crude oil at ~105 ℃ and stir vigorously for about 3 minutes, neutralize part of the phosphoric acid with dilute alkali, separate all the oil in a centrifuge, heat water and let it stand still, and use a particularly high acceleration of gravity for centrifugation. The content of phospholipids in the final degummed oil can be below 5×10 - 6 .
 
Neutralization section of palm oil refining machine
Neutralization and deacidification is a process that has a great impact on product quality and price. If there is a problem in the neutralization process, it will bring difficulties to the various processes after decolorization and reduce product quality and yield. There are usually two methods for neutralization, namely physical and chemical methods. In principle, the physical refining method, that is, the air stripping distillation deacidification method, should be the preferred process for oil refining. The chemical neutralization method is to use sodium hydroxide to neutralize the free fatty acids in crude oil. Deacidification produces soapstock and wastewater. However, the choice of physical refining or chemical refining mainly depends on the quality of crude oil. In view of many problems in reality, the current oil processing plants are often equipped with two sets of devices, and chemical refining is still indispensable. Add caustic soda or soda ash to the oil to neutralize the free fatty acids in the oil. This is a very important operation. Because caustic soda can not only react with fatty acids to form soapstock, but also react with neutral oils. The content of free fatty acids is about doubled. The use of soda ash in intermittent caustic refining can reduce refining consumption, but its reaction performance is weak, so it It cannot remove some impurities that only work on caustic soda, such as pigments, proteins, chlorophyll and heavy metals. Centrifugation is generally used for the separation of soapstock.
Decolorization section of palm oil refining machine
Decolorization is one of the very important processes in the oil refining process. In addition to removing the pigment in the oil, it can also reduce the content of phospholipids, peroxide value, soap content and metal ion content, thereby improving the color of the oil, Flavor and improved oxidation stability provide good conditions for further refined hydrogenation and deodorization of oils and fats. At present, the most commonly used method for oil decolorization is activated clay adsorption decolorization method, which uses clay, a substance with strong selective adsorption, to remove pigments dissolved in oil under certain conditions or disperse them in oil with colloidal particles. pigments and other impurities.
 
Raw oil—measurement—premixing—heating—decolorization—filtering—primary essential oil—safety filtration—decolorization oil
After the oil is measured, it is preheated to 80~90°C, all the oil is pre-mixed with activated clay, and then sent to the decolorization tower for decolorization. The mixing of oil and activated clay is carried out under normal pressure, and all pre-mixing is carried out at a higher temperature, which avoids the oxidation of oil caused by heating to the greatest extent, thus ensuring the quality of the oil. The separation of grease and waste clay after decolorization is by filtration. In China, vertical blade filter and plate-frame filter are often used for continuous decolorization of grease in China. When the vertical leaf filter is filtered, the separated medium is fully enclosed throughout the process. After filtering, use dry steam to dry the grease in the filter cake, which can reduce the amount of residual oil in the filter cake and reduce the oxidation of grease.
In the decolorized clear oil obtained through the above primary filtration, a certain amount of waste clay will inevitably remain due to the filtering equipment or operation. If it is sent directly to the deodorization section, the oxidation of the oil will be accelerated on the one hand, and the oxidation of the oil will be accelerated on the other. Pollution of deodorization equipment is detrimental to the quality of the final oil product. Therefore, in actual production, the pre-filtered decolorized clear oil generally needs to be filtered safely to ensure the color and quality of the final oil product.
Factors that affect the decolorization effect are: 1. Decolorization temperature, the best effect is when the decolorization temperature is around 110°C. In order to prevent the condensed water from entering the filter cake and affecting the drying of the filter cake and automatic slag unloading, the temperature of the filter medium should be guaranteed at 105°C above. 2. Decolorization time, the effective decolorization time of oil should be controlled within 20min~30min to ensure the decolorization effect. 3. Absolute pressure. The absolute pressure in the decolorizer should be reduced to 9.3kpa~6.6kpa, that is, vacuum decolorization, which can effectively remove the air in it. Appropriate and effective stirring blades can improve the decolorization effect and calculate the effective decolorization time.
Deodorization section of palm oil refining machine

In the oil deodorization process, in addition to the purpose of deodorization, more emphasis is now being placed on achieving unit operations at low temperature and in a short time, suppressing the production of trans fatty acids, reducing the loss of tocopherol, reducing polymerization, and reducing vitamin (A , D, E) Decomposition. The temperature is 230~250, and the vacuum residual pressure is 6~8mm. In order to prevent oxidation, it must be degassed and steamed directly before entering the tower to improve the deodorization effect. Recovery of thermal energy can be achieved by heat exchange between cold oil and hot oil.
Palm oil refining machine fractionation section
Fractionation is a special treatment for palm oil, that is, the temperature of palm oil is lowered to about ℃ and kept for a certain period of time, the components with high melting point will be crystallized and precipitated, and it can be "fractionated" into three different melting points after secondary filtration. These three products are palm stearin with a melting point above 40°C, palm palm ointment with a melting point around 30°C and liquid palm oil with a melting point below 20°C. The yields of these three products are roughly 20%, 30% and 50% respectively, and the quality of liquid palm oil can reach the standard of high-grade cooking oil
Zhengzhou Dayang Youshi Chemical Equipment Co., Ltd. provides 10--30 tons of palm oil machine intermittent production line. 30---2000 tons continuous palm oil refining machine production line.
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